One of my friends asked me about my itinerary and some do's and don'ts about traveling through Europe. Before I started out, I tried to research what items I needed to bring with me, like clothes, documents, electronics, etc. Here are a few things that I've learned:
Itinerary
Since I flew in on a military transport on a space available status, there were four major US bases I could have landed at: Spain, Italy, Germany, or Great Britain. I tried to develop a route through Europe for each of the areas I could land in. Regardless of where I would land, my route would take a circular direction through Europe, using the rail system.
I figured that any major city had sights to offer, so I didn't get too hung up on visiting a particular city. However, there were some landmarks that I had to see - the Eiffel Tower, the Louve, Big Ben, the American Cemetery in St. Avold, France, and the Sea Organ in Zadar. As I went along, friends would mention that I had to visit some of their favorite places - Barcelona, Lyon, Amsterdam. As long as it ran close to the train line, any city was a possibility.
Since I'm not on a timetable (other than my visa restriction of 90 days in the E.U.), I didn't feel like I needed to stick to a strict itinerary. If I like a particular city, I'll extend my stay in the hostel or hotel.
Transportation
I purchased a European Rail Global Flex Pass, which entitled me to ten days of travel within a two month period. It was discounted 20% since I purchased it off-season, so my travel had to be completed by March 31st. I purchased it online and received it within a week. It came with a train timetable for all of Europe, and a map of the European rail lines.
The rail system seems intimidating when looking at the train guide. But once you get to train stations and see that they're laid out like an airport, things get more familiar. There are monitors with departure/arrival times, along with the platforms they're due to depart from or arrive. There are also kiosks where you can purchase tickets from, as well as plan out a trip. Things get to be intuitive once you start looking at the status monitors.
The Global Pass doesn't pay for the entire trip though. When reservations have to be made, which is on all of the trains that I took, there is an additional fee for the reservation. I've paid as little as 9 Euros, and as much as 90 Euros. It's also important to make reservations in advance. I made the mistake of waiting until the departure date to buy a ticket, and I ended up paying 50 Euros more than if I purchased it a couple of days in advance.
On the Global Pass, everytime that you make a new trip, you're to mark the date of travel in one of the ten date boxes on the pass. I'm guessing that's how the rail system tracks the ten travel days that you've purchased. I'll have to ask the next time I'm at the station, but I'm guessing that you're on the honor system. If you don't mark your travel dates, I'm thinking that they wouldn't know the difference.
Also, if you're traveling a long distance, check to see if a flight would be cheaper than a train ride. The train from London to Amsterdam was going to cost $185; I found a flight for $105.
Electronics
I wanted to use my T-Mobile phone while in Europe, so I went and purchased a $20 SIM card to use. When I called T-Mobile to unlock my phone, I was told that it wasn't eligible to be unlocked because I was still paying for it. However, T-Mobile offers coverage in Europe at no additional charge. Although its 3G coverage, I can still surf the Net and send/receive text messages for my usual payment. BTW, wireless coverage in Europe pretty much sucks. I'm guessing they don't have the fiber coverage that we have in the U.S., because the bandwidth is pretty bad.
I also purchased a voltage converter, thinking that I'd need it to charge my phone and tablet. Not needed; I noticed after I arrived that my phone's charger is rated at 110/220v, so all I needed was an adapter. The electrical outlets in
France and Spain are the same - two round prongs. The electrical outlets in the U.K. consist of three rectangular prongs. You can always pickup adapters at one of the many electronic stores in the cities. Note that if you want to use your 110VAC devices, you'll need a voltage converter with the corresponding adapters.
Cash
I've been using my debit and charge cards here without any problems. Some places have taken my American Express, others haven't. I also called my bank and charge cards and notified them that I'd be in Europe for an extended period so that they wouldn't put a freeze on them because of overseas activity.
The only drawback is the foreign transaction fees of 1% on transactions and ATM withdrawals. I've paid for all of my hostel stays and train tickets using my cards, and it's been convenient.
Clothing
The Europeans tend to dress stylishly. I felt underdressed walking around in my Columbia hiking pants and hiking boots. My American-style regular fit jeans was also a give-away. In all three countries I've traveled through (Spain, France, U.K.), the style seems to be the same - slim fit jeans ("skinny jeans"), and a layered look; collared shirt with a sweater, and a sports coat or stylish overcoat. And their clothes fit well; no baggy jeans, and they wear fitted shirts. Which is easy to do, when most people here seem to be very fit; not too many overweight folks here.
Many guys were also wearing ties or bow ties. Although the U.K. seemed to be more relaxed, the Spanish and French really know how to dress. I ended up buying a couple pairs of jeans and collared shirts to fit in a little better, especially since I noticed several women checking out my attire. My accent wasn't the only telltale that I'm an American.
Housing
I've been staying at hostels wherever I could find them. Some of them that I've stayed at were really comfortable; free breakfasts, comfortable rooms, and free wifi. I try to opt for the 4-bed rooms; any more beds than that, and you could find yourself in a roomful of party animals. I also try to find hostels with kitchens; it's another way to save some money by cooking your own meals. If I were traveling with a significant other, I'd opt for a hostel that offered a double-bed room, so that you'd have the privacy of a hotel room at 1/3 of the price.
In the cities where I haven't been able to find a hostel (Metz, Lyon), I've used AirBnB and Kayak to find a room to rent and a hotel room, respectively. I rented a room from a couple in Lyon; I stayed for three days. The 3rd night of my stay, they had a little party at the apartment that they invited me to. The party went until 6 a.m.; I ended up staying another night so that I could rest up from the festivities.
Language issues
Although my Spanish is limited, it has come in pretty handy. It was tough to find a local who spoke English in Spain, so I made the best of Google Translate using my smartphone. In France, if they didn't speak English, sometimes they spoke Spanish. All in all, I haven't had too many issues communicating.
The Brits have been really responsive when they hear my American accent. Once they hear it, they'll start chatting me up. I've been enjoying the experience. The French were really great too. A wine shop owner gave me a really nice wine opener as a gift, after I told him that I was visiting from California. It was a much different experience than I expected.
I hope that this will explain some of the issues that I encountered, and that it will help you plan your own trip.